This is a Paleobiology Database Online Systematics Archive that includes all known published systematic statements regarding penguins. This archive also contains every known published occurrence of fossil Sphenisciformes. If any known published account of a fossil penguin seems to be missing from this archive, please contact the author using the information below, and report the missing occurrence, along with the relevant bibliographic information.

This archive aims to compile all information about the identity and distribution of fossil penguin taxa to facilitate any and all other studies regarding fossil Sphenisciformes. The goal of this compilation is to contribute to a comparison to a study the distribution of Cenozoic marine tetrapods over time. This study is in progress. All of the data are publicly available for use by anyone.

Entry of these data began in 2000 and is an ongoing process. New publications on penguin taxonomy are entered as soon as the author is made aware of them. The taxonomy presented here reflects the most up to date ideas based on publication dates of references.

• J. A. Clarke, D. T. Ksepka, M. Stucchi, M. Urbina, N. Giannini, S. Sertelli, Y. Narváez, and C. A. Boyd. 2007. Paleogene equatorial penguins challenge the proposed relationship between biogeography, diversity, and Cenozoic climate change. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104:11545-11550.
• G. G. Simpson. 1946. Fossil penguins. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 87:1-100.
• P. Jadwiszczak. 2006. Eocene penguins of Seymour Island, Antarctica: Taxonomy. Polish Polar Research 27:3-62.

Mark D. Uhen
George Mason University
Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Earth Sciences
MS 5F1
Fairfax, VA 22030
Email: muhen@gmu.edu
Phone: 703-993-5264
Fax: 703-993-1066