Capra aegagrus (ungulate)
Variant names: Capra hircus

Mass: 22 kg based on Husband and Davis 1984

Diet: browser-grazer based on Shrestha et al. 2005

Abundance: 0.03 to 75.65% (median 4.53%)

Latitudinal range: -32.0° to 51.9°

Habitats: (83), Mediterranean woodland (1), desert/xeric shrubland (1), temperate broadleaf/mixed forest (2), temperate coniferous forest (1), temperate savanna (2), tropical/subtropical dry broadleaf forest (2)

Biogeographic distribution: Palearctic, Central Asia, Europe, Southwest Asia

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view a larger map

Found in 92 samples

Armenia: Hovk-1 Cave (Unit 4) (Late Pleistocene), Godedzor Level II C (Holocene), Godedzor Level II B (Holocene), Godedzor Level II A (Holocene)

Australia: Goonoo State Conservation Area (on-track, pre-baiting)

Brazil: Catimbau National Park

China: Foping National Nature Reserve (2020), Muzhuzhuliang (Holocene)

Ecuador: Refugio de Vida Silvestre Marina y Costera Pacoche

Egypt: Berenike Trogodytika (fort) (Holocene), Berenike Trogodytika (tower) (Holocene), Berenike Trogodytika (dump) (Holocene), Berenike Trogodytika (gate) (Holocene)

Ethiopia: Harlaa (Holocene)

Hungary: Oltovâny Castle (Holocene)

India: Takalghat (Holocene), Naikund (Holocene), Girawad (Holocene), Khirsara (layer 2) (Holocene), Kunal - Period IB (Early Harappan - Layer 5) (Holocene), Vadnagar (Ghaskol Darwaza Area) (Holocene), Chandankhera (Period III: Satavahana) (Holocene), Chandankhera (Period IV: Vakataka) (Holocene), Kotada Bhadli (Holocene), Badmal (Period IB) (Holocene)

Iran: Lar Protected Area, Wezmeh Cave (Late Pleistocene), Golestan National Park, Kobeh Cave (Late Pleistocene), Tappeh Sang-e Chakhmaq (West Mound) (Holocene), Tappeh Sang-e Chakhmaq (East Mound) (Holocene), Qasr-e Ahmad (Holocene)

Iraq: Palegawra Cave (Late Pleistocene)

Israel: Tel Ro'im West (Late PPNB) (Holocene), Tel Ro'im West (PPNC) (Holocene), Tel Ro'im West (PN) (Holocene), Yiftah'el (Holocene), Marj Rabba (Holocene), Revadim Quarry Area B (Middle Pleistocene), Qesem Cave Hearth unit (Middle Pleistocene), Qesem Cave LSBS (Middle Pleistocene), Ein Gev I (Late Pleistocene)

Italy: Contrada Castro (Period A) (Holocene), Contrada Castro (Period B) (Holocene), Capalbiaccio (Building J, Level III) (Holocene)

Jordan: Wadi Taiyiba (WT6) (Late Pleistocene), Khirbat al-Mudayna al-'Aliya (Holocene)

Kazakhstan: Tasbas (Phase 2a) (Holocene), Tasbas (Phase 2b) (Holocene), Tasbas (Phase 3) (Holocene), Begash (Phase 1a) (Holocene), Begash (Phase 1b) (Holocene), Begash (Phase 2) (Holocene), Begash (Phase 3a) (Holocene), Begash (Phase 3b) (Holocene), Begash (Phase 4) (Holocene)

Lebanon: Moghr el-Ahwal Cave 3 (Phases F & E) (Late Pleistocene)

Mali: Tongo Maaré Diabal (Horizon 1) (Holocene), Tongo Maaré Diabal (Horizon 2) (Holocene), Tongo Maaré Diabal (Horizon 3) (Holocene), Tongo Maaré Diabal (Horizon 4) (Holocene), Tongo Maaré Diabal (Horizon 5) (Holocene)

Niger: Garumele (context 2) (Holocene)

Nigeria: Gajiganna A (Holocene), Gajiganna B (Holocene)

Portugal: Vale do Mouro (Stage 3) (Holocene)

Russia: Sagan-Zaba II (Layer 2) (Holocene), Sagan-Zaba II (Layer 3B) (Holocene)

Serbia: Garicin Grad (southeast corner tower, first phase) (Holocene), Garicin Grad (southeast corner tower, second phase) (Holocene)

Spain: Fortress of Vilars (sector 7/1) (Holocene), Fortress of Vilars (sector 7/3) (Holocene)

Sudan: Gala Abu Ahmed (Holocene)

Syria: Tell Tuneinir (Area 6 - Market) (Holocene)

Tunisia: Doukanet el Khoutifa (Holocene), Zita Area III, Square I (Pre-Roman period) (Holocene), Zita Area III, Square I (Roman period) (Holocene), Meninx (Holocene)

Turkey: Ciglikara Nature Reserve, Barhal Stream, Koycegiz Wildlife Development Reserve, Ulucak Höyük (Level VI) (Holocene), Ulucak Höyük (Level V) (Holocene), Ulucak Höyük (Level IV) (Holocene), Direkli Cave (Holocene)

Turkmenistan: Ojakly (Holocene)

Ukraine: Maidanetske (2013 season) (Holocene)

United Arab Emirates: Early ed-Dur (50 BC - 150 AD) (Holocene), Late ed-Dur (150 - 250 AD) (Holocene), Luluyyah Fort (Holocene)

Uzbekistan: Kara-tepe (Holocene), Kyzyltepa (Holocene)

Size measurements:
♀ body mass14100 kgN = 6Husband and Davis 1984
♀ body mass15700 kgN = 5Husband and Davis 1984
♀ body mass16630 kgN = 4Husband and Davis 1984
♀ body mass17780 kgN = 5Husband and Davis 1984
♀ body mass19800 kgN = 3Husband and Davis 1984
♀ body mass19940 kgN = 4Husband and Davis 1984
♀ body mass19050 kgN = 2Husband and Davis 1984
♀ body mass23030 kgN = 6Husband and Davis 1984
♀ body mass18530 kgN = 2Husband and Davis 1984
♀ body mass19530 kgN = 1Husband and Davis 1984
♀ body mass20800 kgN = 1Husband and Davis 1984
♂ body mass15350 kgN = 7Husband and Davis 1984
♂ body mass19730 kgN = 2Husband and Davis 1984
♂ body mass21560 kgN = 6Husband and Davis 1984
♂ body mass24870 kgN = 4Husband and Davis 1984
♂ body mass30600 kgN = 3Husband and Davis 1984
♂ body mass35200 kgN = 1Husband and Davis 1984
♂ body mass35000 kgN = 1Husband and Davis 1984
♂ body mass34400 kgN = 4Husband and Davis 1984
♂ body mass35130 kgN = 11Husband and Davis 1984
♂ body mass34620 kgN = 3Husband and Davis 1984
♂ body mass34130 kgN = 1Husband and Davis 1984

See also Capra, Capra alba, Capra caucasica, Capra ibex, Capra nubiana, Capra pyrenaica, Capra sibirica, Capra sp.