HP766
Basic information
Sample name: HP766
Sample aka: Wadi Umm Rahau
Reference: A. Gautier, D. Makowiecki, H. Paner, and W. Van Neer. 2012. Palaeolithic big game hunting at HP766 in Wadi Umm Rahau, northern Sudan. Journal of African Archaeology 10(2):165-174 [ER 3852]
Geography
Country: Sudan
Coordinate: 18.829569° N, 32.030422° E
Coordinate basis: stated in text
Time interval: Late Pleistocene
Max Ma: 0.02145
Min Ma: 0.01236
Age basis: radiocarbon (uncalibrated)
Geography comments: "in a bend of the north-western sector of Wadi Umm Rahau... approximately 2 km north of the village of El Argub... some 1800 m from the present-day main Nile channel"
there are six uncalibrated radiocarbon dates ranging from 12,360 +/- 60 to 21,450 +/- 140 bp
there are six uncalibrated radiocarbon dates ranging from 12,360 +/- 60 to 21,450 +/- 140 bp
Environment
Lithology: sandstone
Taphonomic context: aeolian deposit
Archaeology: stone tools
Habitat comments: the material came from the surface and from three subsurface layers: an eolian sand closest to the surface, a fine sand, a silt
there are "many fragmented bone remains, with blackish discolorations, many weathering cracks and irregular post-depositional fractures" with "no clear evidence of butchering or other human activities"
"9000 lithics" were also collected
"most of the lithics" are dated "to the Terminal MSA and the LSA, but in layer 3 some Neolithic artifacts were registered, indicating late and deep reworking of some parts of the site"
there are "many fragmented bone remains, with blackish discolorations, many weathering cracks and irregular post-depositional fractures" with "no clear evidence of butchering or other human activities"
"9000 lithics" were also collected
"most of the lithics" are dated "to the Terminal MSA and the LSA, but in layer 3 some Neolithic artifacts were registered, indicating late and deep reworking of some parts of the site"
Methods
Life forms: ungulates
Sampling methods: quarry,screenwash,surface
Sample size: 31 specimens
Years: 2006
Sampling comments: "Field work at the site took place from early Febru- ary to early March 2006... Most of the artifacts and bones were collected by hand from the surface" but some came from an excavation and "the spoils were passed through a sieve with a 2x2 mm mesh"
Metadata
Sample number: 4218
Contributor: John Alroy
Enterer: John Alroy
Created: 2023-04-10 17:08:26
Modified: 2023-04-10 07:08:26
Abundance distribution
8 species
2 singletons
total count 31
geometric series index: 15.5
Fisher's α: 3.494
geometric series k: 0.6932
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.7538
Shannon's H: 1.7241
Good's u: 0.9395
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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Register
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| Equus africanus | 1 | 287 kg |
| "wild ass" | ||
| Equus quagga | 2 | 279 kg grazer |
| "Equus burchelli": plus 19 indeterminate equids | ||
| Hippopotamus amphibius | 2 | 1107 kg grazer |
| †Camelus thomasi | 3 | |
| Hippotragus equinus | 1 | 246 kg grazer |
| Bovinae indet. | 5 | |
| Syncerus caffer or Bos primigenius | ||
| Giraffa camelopardalis | 13 | 942 kg browser |